The Oppression of the Aboriginals in Canada free essay sample

Aboriginal people, the first nations amongst Canada, being outnumbered for years had been put under a situation in which hindered in the continuation of their identity alone. Although with the years in its withstanding, the importance of the events and all of the occurrences make a part of the strength and downfall to the native population. Through the hardships, it’s definitely evident that there were many aspects towards cultural differences, as well as social differences. In that sense, a strong conflict theory had definitely been present. Regardless of other factors, the conflict theory would best describe the situation with aboriginals as there was a big stretch of power differential and humanity amongst these people was definitely non-existent. Aboriginals fell under a lot of inequality and pressures of succeeding obstructed their ways of life. In the film â€Å"Education As We See It†, we were taken on a twenty minute ride that glimpsed over the experiences of aboriginal students. We will write a custom essay sample on The Oppression of the Aboriginals in Canada or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Real life people talked about fond memories or â€Å"scars† so-to-speak regarding aboriginal residential schools. Punishment was more than often quite severe and also more than often involved physical pain. [Bob, Geraldine and Gary Marcuse. (1993)] In these aboriginal residential schools, the most common punishment was something called the strap. However, what made the punishments worse was that they were physically abused and punished out in the open in front of everyone to see, including the children. So in that way, the aboriginal students suffered public humiliation on top of the physical pains. Often punishments were totally uncalled for, such as strapping a child for wetting the bed. Many consequences were terribly negative. The fact that children were being beat was mentioned in the documentary for simple little wrongdoings and they were treated as though they were animals. [Bob, Geraldine and Gary Marcuse. (1993)] A definite matter of fact was that a lot of children were abused in many ways at these residential schools. The punishment usually involved strapping and public humiliation. In one incident, one boy had gotten needles pushed through his tongue because he had gotten caught speaking his native language. [Bob, Geraldine and Gary Marcuse. The nuns and priests had no shame and they had verbally abused many of the children continuously. They were called animals on top of being treated like ones, and they were also told that their background and culture was evil and were made to believe that they were worthless. Cultural identity was a huge loss for these aboriginal children, as well as their native language, their traditions and spiritual growth development in which caused a lot of confusion and loss. The sole purpose in the creation of these aboriginal schools was primarily to demolish all of aboriginal culture and teach them Canadian/European values and beliefs. So in the competition for the limited resources fueled the conflict theory aspect of aboriginal residential schools. On a larger scale, students from more privileged backgrounds in the classrooms and out were more likely to continue on with higher education. This meant the cultural capital amongst aboriginal students provided lower economic and social success which â€Å"relinquished† possibilities for human (aboriginal) development and progress. [Ravelli, B. , Webber, M. (2010). (p. 313-314)] The aboriginal residential schools werent exactly the best place to live. Part of the reasoning was due to the great lack of funding, which much of it had to do with the way that the schools had been run. [McClinchey, B. (2012, October). Lecture Seven Education] Most former students will not forget one huge thing; hunger. The food at the residential schools were neither nutritious nor abundant. They were also usually not very appealing or appetizing. Students would actually lose weight while attending the school, as some of which would have been in their prime growth where they should be gaining weight. Bonding with loved ones became poorer and poorer as time went by. These aboriginal children were taken from their families and communities and that put a damper towards their inadequate communication skills and poor expression of feelings. Development of negative traits and abilities such as the inability to trust others, they often became indifferent towards loved ones as they were violated and a serious breach of trust occurred, which thus caused distrust in other authority figures. This affected them even to the point where that discipline didn’t help them much, as they started to make poor decisions and had behavioral difficulties. Difficulties of not knowing how one was to behave in particular situations which caused threats were also a growing factor. After being faced by extreme racism, hatred, abuse, and belittlement, the scars left amongst the Aboriginals will stick to them forever. In reality, residential schools with a positive intent, hit an obvious backfire and damaged the aboriginal population all together. It became a huge hindrance in terms of culture, and self, as well as stunting the growth of the aboriginals. This is what made it a conflict theory. As one proposes situations throughout the film, none other than residential schools being perceived as â€Å"instrumental† towards preparation for the future just becomes the setback in human progression and developmental selves. [Ravelli, B. , Webber, M. (2010). (p. 313-314)] As stated in the film, these situations contrast and go hand in hand with one another in a sense that with Canadian ruling, these Aboriginal residential schools are sought out to destroy their identity and culture.

Taming Of The Shrew Essays - The Taming Of The Shrew, Free Essays

Taming Of The Shrew Essays - The Taming Of The Shrew, Free Essays Taming Of The Shrew In William Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew, Katherine is not truly tamed because she simply follows Petruchios orders without changing her spirit. Petruchio gets his hands full when he marries Katherine. She is a very wild and rough woman who needs to be tamed. In the beginning of the story, Katherine is a very wild woman; her father speaks of her violent ways: For shame, thou hilding of a devilish spirit! (II, i., 27-28). Baptista, Katherines father, is obviously fed up with Katherine and her savage manners for him to utter such strong words to his daughter. Katherine is so feral that she will never be able to be tamed. Throughout the play, she remains this way. On the way to Biancas wedding, Petruchio threatens to turn back unless Katherine agrees that the moon is shining, and it is not the sun, as it truthfully is. Hortensio, one of Petruchios friends, advises Katherine to consent to Petruchio: Hortensio: Say as he says, or we shall never go. Katherine: Forward, I pray, since we have come so fare, And be it moon, or sun, or what you please. (IV, v., 13-15) Katherine is becoming very smart at obeying Petruchio. She now understands how to get what she wants from him. Her spirit is still wild and untamed; however, she acts loyal to Petruchio on the surface to avoid suffering Petruchios punishments. By not changing her nature, Katherine shows Petruchio that he is not in charge. The men of the town of Padua need to find a man to marry Katherine to free her fair sister, Bianca. Katherines father will not allow Bianca to marry until the elder is married. Petruchio is talked into marrying Katherine, mostly for her fathers dowry. When Petruchio first meets Katherine and talks of marriage, she is very wild and she tries to run away from him: I chafe you if I tarry. Let me go. (II. i., 255). Katherine does not want to be with Petruchio. She is happy being by herself and making her sister miserable. She is a very independent woman, and she enjoys living up to her reputation. When Petruchio fails to listen to Katherine about what type of outfit she wants to wear to Biancas wedding, she is enraged: Why, sir, I trust I may have leave to speak, And speak I will. I am no child, no babe. Your betters have endured me say my mind, And if you cannot, best you stop your ears. My tongue will tell the anger of my heart, Or else my heart, concealing it, will break, And, rather than it shall, I will be free Even to the uttermost, as I please, in words. (IV, iii., 78-85). Katherine directly goes against her husband. She does not show him the respect a husband should receive. Katherine never changes her untamed ways; she stays wild at heart. Obviously, in William Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew, Katherine is never actually tamed by Petruchio. Bibliography The Taming of the Shrew, by William Shakespeare

Discussion Board Topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board Topic - Assignment Example A reader can interpret the bible easily by understanding the context of the book that is the original and the history setting of the Bible. The method also known as historic-grammatical approach, aids the reader to find the literal meaning of the words based on the understanding of the chronological and cultural settings in which the written words form (Duvall & Hays, 2010). For instance, words in the Old Testament differ from the New Testament in that the New Testament authors were trying to interpret the Old Testament authors in this way it becomes easier for readers to apply what they have read into the present life. Topical preaching is very popular and practical that entails choosing a topic from the Bible and then expanding on the same. This method of preaching is recommended as many topics in the Christian calendar are naturally related to topical preaching for instance, the Youth day, Development day and even the Holy Communion (Duvall & Hays, 2010). However, preachers may violate topical preaching, as there is a temptation to rely heavily on non-Biblical sources, and a high tendency of misusing scriptures from the

International Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

International Community - Essay Example From the appalling crackdown on the visionary expectation of the ardent student protesters some16 years ago to the subsequent repression of all political dissidence, Communist leaders have time and again tended to reassert a blind obeisance to a dogged system of harsh and mechanical one-party rule. Equally alarming is the ostentatious display of military power in response to Taiwanese aspirations for independence over the last two decades, along with the troubling detection of furtive deliveries of military know-how to unstable areas in the Middle East, the Persian Gulf, and South Asia. These measures scarcely serve to improve international confidence in the Chinese bid for a responsible position on the world stage of the new century. Admittedly China has recently begun to evince a new, less menacing and forward-looking stance toward proving itself as a responsible collaborator in global interaction as the nation begins to assume a substantial position in the world economy. By assisting in negotiations on the Korean Peninsula, China, in effect, was able to take advantage of her influence in the region in the service of broader international concerns. Domestically, the People's Republic of China has taken steps to free a token number of leading political dissidents in response to Western appeals, and, in diverse rural villages, elections for local leaders have been authorized. Chinese rulers also seem to be dealing moderately with the lately re-annexed regions of Hong Kong and Macau, and so far seem to be restricting intimidation tactics to verbal posturing and a display of military muscle in response to Taiwanese desires for independence.1 It is possible that the menace that some perceive in China as an up-and-co ming superpower with overall goals that threaten American wellbeing and commerce, might, in truth, be an emerging new Chinese generation: a forthright forward-looking dynamic keenly aware that the future depends on a critical modification of policies from the worn-out revolutionary era in the interest of asserting China's rightful place in the broader scheme of a world growing ever more and more interdependent. At least one Chinese insider seems to believe so. From his years spent in the People's Republic as a Red Guard during the infamous Cultural Revolution, Professor Chen Jian brings a quite singular experience and personal familiarity to his study. He is able to appraise the foreign-policy proclivities of the People's Republic from the perspective of an insider seeped in Chinese history. Jian's assessment reflects on much more constrained Chinese objectives than those that bother many outside critics. As a country bent in earnest on certifying for itself a leading role in the global community, Chinese decision makers are certainly cognizant of the imperative to appreciably accommodate current national policies in apparent deference to international standards.2 According to Professor Jian, even though China may boast currently of a ten percent annual economic growth, widespread poverty still haunts its rural interior. The regime can employ its extensive masses in the service of its growing

The recruiting of new employees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The recruiting of new employees - Essay Example The same applies to human resource planning. Human resource planning is an important aspect of any task in an organization including recruitment. Human resource planning is the act of considering all the aspect of the job in advance before starting the process of hiring. Human resource planning involves detailed analysis of the job. This will be in terms of the skills that will be required for the job, the experience that will be required, gender issue as far as the job is concerned and the age bracket. In light of the organization, human resource planning will looks into the objectives of the company in order to know the position of the company in regard to the job. (Iacovou, 2002) In planning, human resource management will look into the working structure of the company in order to know where the deficiency is. This is important as it avoids duplication of duties in the work. This means that the human resource management must know areas which require new employees. Other wise management cannot create a vacancy where there is no work to be done. A detailed analysis of the function to be perfume by the new employees is important since it makes work description easier for the management. There are other fine det... This also helps potential applicants to prepare themselves for interview on the job. Other information that the planning process must look into is the commencement of the job and the availability of the individual. It must also look into the financial position of the organization in light of the vacancy at hand and come up with a package for the job. However this is not a must and some companies will not indicate how much they are offering for the job. But the human resource management usually has a clear cut limit on the amount of salary that the company can offer for the job which sometimes is a subject of testing individuals in the interview. Hence human resource planning is essential in ensuring that the process of recruitment is smooth as it is guided by the plan. The plan must outline the first to the last step in the process. it ensures that this process can be taken over by any other person since it is already outlines. Human resource planning involves various stages. As has been mentioned the first stage in the recruitment process will be detailed analysis of the job in terms of the requirements of the job and any other aspect of the job. This analysis will then act as the guideline fro the process. After the initial planning, the subsequent stages will definitely under the plan and those who have been given the mandate to oversee its implementation. The planning process will also help the human resource department to decide whether it will take the recruitment process or if it will seek the services of a recruitment agency. It is also in this stage of planning where the management will decide whether it will recruit

Review and Analysis Of The Movie The Blind Side

Review and Analysis Of The Movie The Blind Side John Lee Hancocks film entitled The Blind Side describes the struggle of a Black man to become part of the White society. Michael Oher, the main character in the story shows the audience how a black man experiences mistreatment and discrimination from his white community which is the common trend of American mainstream. However, the film also wants to deconstruct the traditional perceptions towards White Americans through the Tuohy family. In this movie, the director shows how White Americans like the Tuohy family accept Michael for who he is and what he wants to be. The Tuohys become Michaels enduring power, armor, and salvation as he faces his new path of transformation, social acceptance, and immersion. From this sense, it can be perceived that Hancocks film depicts the notion of popular culture as it emphasizes the different issues of the society such as race, racism, cultural differences, cultural interaction, and other ideas about culture and society. The films goal is to show how Michael is being accepted in a social norm through his new found family. For many years, Michael has lived with different foster families, but ends up leaving them. He feels that he does not fit because of the different family situations, status, and lifestyle. However, Michael is not just a common individual, he has a unique character that leads him to popularity. In the beginning of his life with the Tuohys, he detaches himself from them. This is primarily because of the fact that he is a Black American while the Tuohys are White. Throughout the discussion of Michaels life, the film is presented with minimal flashbacks-only if there is a need, such as the depiction of Michaels mother and other important details that help establish the main characters personality. The film tries to express the situation that happens when a Black American becomes part of a White American family. The conflict of the story is, Will Michael fit into his new found home? Having an extreme difference in terms of race, lifestyle, social background, and social status, the two races are combined together under one roof to describe the possible repulsion that might occur as well as the attraction that can happen between them. However, it is not only this internal repulsion or attraction that is presented as a conflict of the film, but also the people within the Tuohys social surroundings. Since Leigh Anne and Sean are influential individuals because of their profession, people around them think that adopting Michael taints their good reputation. This is one of the major struggles of the Tuohy family along with Michael, but they stand up against their foes and prove to these people that Michael is more civilized than those who continue to criticize him. The concept of popular culture emerges in this film in three distinct themes: racism within the football team, the lifestyle of the socialites, and when an upcoming superstar is made, people keep an eye on this individual. According to John Storey (2009), race and racism are not natural or inevitable phenomena; they have a history and are a result of human actions and interactions (pg. 168). Logically, racism occurs in television, radio, movies, and other types of media. Most of the time, these industries use racism as a form of stereotyping. That is why common people utilize these ideals, they think that it is accepted in the society. This is what happened to Michael. He faces discrimination inside his own classroom. Even his teacher demonstrates the differences of how a White teacher interacts with a Black student like him. It is a form of stereotype that the media continues to express towards its audience. Another example of popular culture that exists in this film is the lifestyle of the socialites. For example, Leigh Annes lifestyle is totally extravagant. She can wear any clothes she wants. She can eat at any restaurant because she can afford it. This is a form of popular culture because it is how a rich woman is perceived in television or movies. Her lifestyle is similar with Carrie Bradshaw in Sex in the City. They are both perceived as extravagant women who can achieve everything they want-because they have money. Both characters share the same culture. Storey (2009) explains that the social definition of culture- culture as a particular way of life, culture as expression of a particular way of life, and cultural analysis as a method of reconstituting a particular way of life helps us to establish an understanding of the shared values of a group or class of people (p. 45). This is a common depiction of a rich woman in every movie. A rich woman is not perceived as a sad and unhapp y individual when it comes to her personal satisfaction. She is described as a flawless and sophisticated character that has special powers when it comes to her personal needs and luxuries. The last example of popular culture in this film is when Michael begins his football career. When the football coach, Burt Cotton sees Michaels potential, he accepts the main character as a student of Wingate Christian School. This is also the beginning of Michaels popularity. People, even the coaches and owners of different universities, want Michael to become part of their school. That is why despite Michaels academic records and race, they are interested in him. This scenario is common in American culture and it is common in Western culture to portray such situations in television and movies. People begin to keep their eyes on Michaels actions and achievements because he becomes popular and he soon becomes part of their lifestyle. When Michael becomes popular, people suddenly start to observe and scrutinize his actions. Michael needs to prove that he is worthy to become a student of Ole Miss. Everyone starts to take an interest in his academic transformation because he needs to have a 2.50 GPA to be able to get the NCAA Division I scholarship. Some people are trying to scrutinize him, like the interviewer of Ole Miss. This interview is done to prove that his decision to attend Ole Miss is based on his personal judgments and ideologies and not by the Tuohys simply because they are alumni and members of the boosters for the university. It only proves that because of his popularity, he experiences scrutiny and sometimes immoral judgment from other people-which is part of society. Culture plays an important role in establishing the character of a person. People have different culture, but through cultural relativism, they become connected. According to Storey (2009), cultural relativism is the acceptance and appreciation of cultures or ways of living different from your own; not judging a culture but trying to understand it on its own terms. The Tuohys accept and appreciate Michaels culture-despite the fact that his social and family background seems unacceptable because it contains negativities. As these individuals share their thoughts and identities, they become related to one another-and soon become part of each others lives. There are a set of laws in the society that people can not change. This is called norm or the rules of society based on their values; standards of behavior governing specific social situations that are established by societys values (Storey, 2009). The Tuohys society or community has specific sets of moral values. They believe that Black Americans are unacceptable within their community or surroundings because they are the root of negativities. This is also an example of high culture being looked at as a superior culture. The Tuohys do not change this norm, but they create their own values by accepting Michael and believe in him and his capabilities as a person. A persons ideology makes the culture more sophisticated. According to Storey (2009), Ideology differs from culture, in that it adds a political dimension to the discussion on culture. It suggests that relations of power and politics shape the cultural and ideological landscape. The Tuohys ideology is different from the standard culture of the society, but because they are part of their community, they have to express their ideology. It is hard in the beginning to show their different point of view, but they win the battle against their foes because Michael shows that he is different from the stereotypic character of a Black American.

Lasting Effects of Pain :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Lasting Effects of Pain INTRODUCTION Once upon a typical sunny day, Mary, Susie, and Jackie are jumping rope. Unbeknownst to them, as they chant their rhymes, Mikey and Kenny hide in the bushes planning a surprise attack. Just as Mary's little feet barely lift off the ground, the two boys leap towards the girls and push them into the dirt. "Ouch!!!" they all scream as everyone hits the dirt. Mary is up on her feet with her knees skinned and bleeding. A smile slowly crept on her face as she tried to hold back a chuckle. "What's so funny?" asked Mikey, as everyone turned to look at her. "Aren't you supposed to get mad and chase us around?" Mary shrugs and looks down at her knees. "Doesn't that hurt?" asks Jackie. So what exactly does Mary feel when she hurts her knees? Pain, of course. But, how exactly does she experience it? Well, inside Mary's tissues lie nociceptors. Nociceptors are specialized sensory nerves that are activated when there is a potential for danger, such as Mary falling to the ground. The stimulation of nociceptors, first, allows large-diameter, myelinated axons to carry rapidly conducted action potentials. This causes the sensation of a sharp, well-localized, pricking or cutting pain. It is then followed by a diffuse burning or aching pain caused by more slowly propagated action potentials that are carried by smaller, less heavily myelinated axons (1). The action potentials are generated and conveyed to the central nervous system by way of a difference in electrical potential (2). When the threshold potential difference for each nocicpetor is reached, a signal is sent to the central nervous system. As the signal continues to travel to the spinal cord, the medulla, the thalamus, and then the cerebral cortex, it must pass through a series of gates (3). According to the gate theory of pain, the awareness of pain can only get to the brain by passing through a series of gates (Melzack and Hall, 1965). To open a gate, a group of small neurons that form a "pain pool" must reach their threshold. When it is reached, the signal is allowed to be sent higher. So as Mary and everyone else who falls to the ground, their body is undergoing this awareness of pain. Kenny is next to stand up. "Owww, there's sand in my leg," he whimpered unhappily. "Hey, you pushed us, and now you're crying?

India ‘s regional disparities Essay

India’s economy hit a major turning point in 1990 when the government started the Economy Liberalization. Its effect is the significantly high economic growth when the GDP greatly rose from $316.9 (1990) to $1001 (2010), but along with that, it also brought about the increasing poverty and the widening income gap. After 1990, poverty, religious conflict, corruption, income inequality and regional disparity are the main problems facing India’s economy while Bollywood and IT sector and software service became the highlight of India’s economy. Speaking of India, we can relate to one country, China because of their similarity in population, their growth in GDP and several historical links. Despite having many things in common, they focused on different development paths. While China’s main focus is manufacture and infrastructure, or in short : hardware, India excels in Service and technology : software. So, because of those features, a tight partnership with s trong potential is called Chindia. In this report, I will expand my thought on the regional disparity in terms of literacy, economic distribution and healthcare sector and regional income convergence of India. Up to 2011, India has seen an improvement in Literacy rate when it rose from 65.38% (2001) to 74.04% in 2011. The government has taken several measures to improve the literacy rate in rural areas, so by 2011, the gap between urban and rural areas has slightly declined, but the gap still remains relatively large with Kerala being the state with the highest literacy rate (94%), followed by Lakshadweep (92.3%) and Mizoram (91.06%) and lastly Bihar with the lowest literacy rate (64%). In spite of the government’s providing free education programs to poor people living in rural areas, the amount of  schools and education centers are still not very considerable compared to urban areas and the people in poor villages, town could not get access to free education because they are not aware of that (media isolation). Also, about 42% of the population of India live on less than $1.25 a day, especially in rural areas, there are a large amount of people below the poverty line. Thatâ€⠄¢s why education becomes unreachable for them. The considerably high economic growth of India seems like it only benefits the rich in the high-income states. While convergence between countries is a crucial issue in the analysis of a country’s economy, regional income convergence – convergence between regions of a given country is also very important. Regional convergence are defined by observing that whether initially poor regions have a tendency of developing faster than initially rich regions. In the case of India, Manipur which in 1961 had real per capita income of below-averaged level (1,438) and grew relatively fast (3,893) in 1991 was catching up to Delhi, the highest income state in 1961 (6,236) which had the close growth rate until 1991 (10,177). Therefore, there is regional convergence in India. According to an article by Paul Cashin, the regional convergence between initially poor states and initially rich states is the rate of 1.5 % per year. Nevertheless, this speed of regional convergence is slower when compared to Japan, USA †¦ – the industrial countries earlier. India is famous for its healthcare system which fulfills the needs of metropolitan cities only if they are able to afford it. Based on a report by the United Nations, 75% of the health infrastructure in India is used to serve in urban areas where account for only 27% of India’s population. Whereas, the rural areas which account for 72% of the population (around 716 million people) lack the basic medical treatment. Manpower including doctors and medical specialists is one of the fundamental components of the healthcare system and rural areas are now lacking an estimated number of 12300 doctors (64%), which is six times lower than in urban areas. Moreover, the number of beds in hospitals is 15 times lower than in urban areas. Also, urban areas (specifically high-income states) have access to more amount of  hospitals, dispensaries, expenditure on medical and public health as well as vaccines and instrumental medicine. In short, healthcare resources distributed by the government are available to more people in urban areas than those in rural areas. This disparity has led to a series of difficulties and problems for rural areas. Life expectancy of people in rural areas are much lower than in urban areas. Crude death rate (8% compared to 6%) and still birth rate (9% compared to 8%) are both higher in rural areas. Infant morality rate is the most notable because rural areas account for 61%, more than 24% when compared to urban areas. The number of malnourished and underweight children in rural areas is also higher than in urban areas. The healthcare disparities has created more and more clusters of regions with poor infrastructure and this made rural areas much more vulnerable to diseases and contagion, which then creates greater burdens in treatment cost for the government. The healthcare disparity has a strong relation to the literacy disparity and economic disparity stated above. Because health is a crucial factor in school attendance, the healthcare disparity has prevented people and children in rural areas from having a decent, healthy education’s time. Lacking health care means that not many people in rural areas can have the ability to learn efficiently and effectively. Also, because investments in health and education can lead to a higher future income, these disparities in literacy and healthcare sector can harm the rural areas’ economy further more. Therefore, without implementing a proper and immediate policy, the widening gap between rural and urban areas may get bigger in the future. REFERENCE http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/india/overview http://www.census2011.co.in/literacy.php https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/1996/03/pdf/cashin.pdf http://media.economist.com/sites/default/files/media/2011InfoG/Interactive/Ind ia_20110620/India_Equiv.swf http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GDP.pdf

All of the recipes emphasize Essays

All of the recipes emphasize Essays All of the recipes emphasize Paper All of the recipes emphasize Paper The idea of healthy living comes from recognizing that social systems function best when they promote the health of their individual members. This means that communities, companies, and government agencies must come together in order to cultivate the conditions by which health can be maintained, chronic disease can be mitigated or prevented, and the environment can be maintained with a minimal amount of pollution and toxins.   In 2002, a forum dedicated to preventing chronic disease resulted in an â€Å"agreement for the development of an integrated health promotion and chronic disease prevention network in Alberta† (AHLN, â€Å"About†, par. 1). That network was the Alberta Healthy Living Network, an organization that bring together educational and practical measures in order to make advance the agenda of a more healthy lifestyle.   The Networks primary concern is the reduction of chronic diseases like diabetes through instilling good healthy living habits. Healthy Alberta is another organization following a similar path.   They emphasize active living and healthy eating, and their website provides copious amounts of information about both activities.   It includes recipes like â€Å"flax banana bread,† â€Å"berry soup,† and â€Å"salmon oasis.† All of the recipes emphasize that food can be prepared in healthy ways and that choices can be made to prepare healthy foods, and that as a result of these efforts, one can live an overall more healthy lifestyle.   In addition, it provides concrete suggestions as to activities one can enjoy, including Frisbee, sledding, walk and talk outings with friends, and so on. The point of all of these activities is to show how one can enjoy, often for free, the benefits of living in such a fine location, pretty much any time of the year, and that again, ones decisions matter.   Pleasantly, many of the recipes and most of the activities do not come with much of a price tag, which opens up healthy living as a lifestyle for many, rather than a privileged few. Suffice it to say that the healthy living movement plays an important part in the social fabric of Alberta, as evidence by the many websites devoted to advancing the lifestyle.   And this is a good thing, because healthy living lowers overall costs from poor health (government funds spent on care, loss of work hours from those with illness, etc.) and because healthier individuals tend to be happier individuals, and happiness is a value everyone can get behind. The governments efforts to partner with local businesses, nonprofits, and educators, serve an important function, not just integrating healthy living into the social fabric but making the overall weave of that fabric stronger and more vibrant. Cites: Alberta Healthy Living Network.   Retrieved Jan 23, 2005 from AHLN website: ahln.ca/index.cfm. Healthy Alberta.   Retrieved Jan 24, 2005 from Healthy Alberta website: healthyalberta.com/

British Literature Essay Example

British Literature Essay Example British Literature Essay British Literature Essay Essay Topic: Absalom Absalom Charlotte Temple Dubliners Mark Twain Mrs Dalloway Pygmalion Short Fiction of Dh Lawrence Tale Of Two Cities The Picture of Dorian Gray The Red Badge Of Courage This lesson is a continuance of the survey of British literature and will concentrate on literature from the Neoclassic Time period to today. This lesson is merely an overview of some of the writers and literary plants produced in England during a peculiar period. There are many other writers that made of import parts to the literature of this clip period. The periods of British Literature are: Classical Period ( 1200 BC to 455 AD ) Medieval Period ( 455 AD to 1485 ) Renaissance and the Commonwealth Period ( 1485 to 1660 ) Neoclassic Period ( 1660 to 1790 ) Romantic Period ( 1790 to 1830 ) Victorian Period ( 1832 to 1901 ) Edwardian Era ( 1901 to 1910 ) Modernism ( 1914 to 1945 ) Post-Modernism Time period from 1945 to the present Neoclassic Period ( 1660-1790 ) The Enlightenment ( besides referred to as the Neoclassic Time period or the Age of Reason ) was based on the construct that people could happen flawlessness and felicity through ground and cognition. This basically humanist vision was characterized by a opposition to spiritual authorization. The Enlightenment began during the seventeenth and 18th centuries in Europe and finally distribute to America. The Restoration. the Augustan Age. and the Age of Johnson were clip periods that were included in the Enlightenment. Literature from the colonial period and the beginning of the radical period in American literature developed during this clip. Two outstanding American writers of the epoch were Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Paine. During the Restoration. British sovereign Charles II was restored to the throne ( hence the name of the epoch ) . taging the diminution of the Puritan influence on British literature. Writers of the Neoclassical Period John Dryden Dryden ( 1631-1700 ) was an English poet and playwright. Some of his celebrated verse forms include Astrea Redux. Absalom and Achitophel. and The Hind and the Panther. He is besides known for his drama All for Love. Dryden was the British poet laureate from 1670 to 1689. John Locke Locke ( 1631-1704 ) was an English philosopher who wrote the essay Concerning Human Understanding. He believed that the lone manner a individual could derive cognition was through experience. Locke’s Two Treatises on Government promoted thoughts about democracy. William Wycherley Wycherley ( 1640-1716 ) was an English playwright whose plants include Love in a Wood. The Country Wife. and The Plain Dealer. Samuel Pepys Samuel Pepys ( 1633-1703 ) was a authorities functionary and author who lived in England. His celebrated Diary is an of import beginning of the life styles and history of the English people. Aphra Behn Behn ( 1640-1689 ) was an English novelist and playwright and the first female to do a life from her authorship. Some of her plants include Oroonoko. The Forced Marriage. The Rover. and The Lucky Chance. The Augustan Age ( 1700-1750 ) . named for the Roman emperor Augustus. witnessed a return to the Latin literature of the ancient Roman Empire. British authors were influenced by the plants of the ancient Roman poets Horace and Virgil during this epoch. Writers of the Augustan Age Joseph Addison Addison ( 1672-1719 ) was an English poet. litterateur. playwright. and member of Parliament. One of his well-known literary plant was the verse form The Campaign. Sir Richard Steele Steele ( 1672-1729 ) was an litterateur and playwright from Ireland. With Joseph Addison. he founded the diaries The Tattler. The Spectator. and The Guardian. He was elected to Parliament and was subsequently knighted. Two of his dramas include The Funeral and The Conscious Lovers. Jonathan Swift Swift ( 1667-1745 ) was an Irish ironist who used Juvenalian sarcasm to knock the society of his twenty-four hours in Gulliver’s Travels. Some of his other plants include A Tale of a Tub and A Modest Proposal. In 1694. he was ordained in the Church of England. Alexander Pope Pope ( 1688-1784 ) was a poet and author of sarcasm who was celebrated for his usage of the epic pair in his Hagiographas. Some of his plants include The Rape of the Lock. The Temple of Fame. An Essay on Man. and Moral Essays. Daniel Defoe Defoe ( 1660-1731 ) was a journalist who wrote Robinson Crusoe. Some of his other plants include The True-Born Englishman. Moll Flanders. and A Journal of the Plague Year. he Age of Johnson. named for Samuel Johnson ( an of import figure in English literature in the late 1700s ) . lasted from 1750-1790. Writers of the Age of Johnson Samuel Johnson Johnson ( 1709-1784 ) was an English writer celebrated for his Dictionary of the English Language. The History of Rasselas. Prince of Abissinia. and The Lifes of the English Poets. He is besides remembered for organizing a group of authors called the Literary Club. Oliver Goldsmith Goldsmith ( 1728-1774 ) was an English playwright. litterateur. poet. and novelist and was a member of the Literary Club. Goldsmith wrote the novel The Vicar of Wakefield. Other plants include the verse form The Deserted Village and the drama She Stoops to Conquer. Edmund Burke Burke ( 1729-1797 ) served as a member of Parliament during the American Revolution. He supported the rights of the settlers and urged the British authorities to compromise with the American settlements. Some of his Hagiographas were critical of the Gallic Revolution. Robert Burns Burns ( 1759-1796 ) was a Scots songster and poet. Two of Burns’ better known vocals are Auld Lang Syne and Comin’ Thro’ the Rye. James Boswell Boswell ( 1740-1795 ) was a Scots writer who wrote the life The Life of Samuel Johnson. He was a member of Samuel Johnson’s Literary Club. and the two work forces traveled together. Boswell’s Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides is an history of one of their trips. Edward Gibbon Gibbon ( 1737-1794 ) was a prima historian whose most celebrated work was the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Thomas Gray Gray ( 1716-1771 ) was an English poet whose manner was used by many of the Romantic authors. His most celebrated work was Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard. Olaudah Equiano Equiano ( c. 1750 – c. 1797 ) was an African slave who was brought to the West Indies. He received some instruction and was subsequently granted his freedom by his maestro. He was the first black to compose an autobiography in England. He wrote The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. or Gustavus Vassa. the African in 1789. Romantic Period ( 1790-1830 ) Romanticism is the school of idea and period of literature in which emotion. passion. and imaginativeness are considered more of import than ground and intuition more of import than logic. During the Romantic Period. most authors were discontented with commercial. inhuman. and standardised conditions. Many Romantic authors portrayed people in unrealistic state of affairss. To get away from modern life. the Romantics turned their involvement to remote and faraway topographic points. the medieval yesteryear. folklore and fables. nature. and the common people. Romantics glorified the person and believed that people must be free from restricting regulations and able to develop separately. The Romantic novels described exciting escapades. unexplained events. and the evil influences of compulsions. Writers of the Romantic Period William Blake. Blake ( 1757-1827 ) was an English poet. creative person. and outstanding figure of Romanticism. Some of his plants included Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. Blake created the illustrations in some of his books such as The Marriage of Heaven and Hell. William Wordsworth Wordsworth ( 1770-1850 ) was a Romantic poet whose literary plants focused on the beauty of nature. He teamed with Samuel Taylor Coleridge to compose Lyrical Ballads. taging the beginning of the Romantic motion. Other plants include The Solitary Reaper and the autobiographical verse form Prelude. Samuel Coleridge Coleridge ( 1772-1834 ) was a poet and philosopher from England. He coauthored Lyrical Ballads with William Wordsworth. His most celebrated plants include The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Kubla Khan. Percy Bysshe Shelly Shelly ( 1792-1822 ) was an English poet whose many verse forms contained political and spiritual subjects. His plants include Ode to the West Wind. The Cloud. and The Skylark. John Keats Keats ( 1795-1821 ) was a poet who focused on decease. love. and beauty. His plants include Ode to a Nightingale and On a Greek Urn. Sir Walter Scott Scott ( 1771-1832 ) was a Scots novelist and poet who became a attorney in 1792. He was credited with making the historical novel. Scott became one of the taking literary figures of his twenty-four hours. Scott’s works of poesy include The Lay of the Last Minstrel. Marmion. and The Lady of the Lake. His novels include Waverley. The Tale of Old Mortality. The Heart of Midlothian. Ivanhoe. The Talisman. St. Ronan’s Well. A Legend of Montrose. and Quentin Durward. Jane Austen Austen ( 1775-1814 ) was an English novelist who incorporated her observations of the manners and society of her clip. Through duologue and narrative. she allowed her characters to be guided by common sense and traditional values. Her more celebrated plants include Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice. Gothic fresh Gothic novels use horror and mediaeval elements such as palaces and keeps. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. and Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Highs are illustrations of Gothic novels. Writers of Gothic Novels Ann Radcliffe Radcliffe ( 1764-1823 ) wrote The Mysteries of Udolpho and The Italian. The scene of most of her work involved guiltless immature adult females. dark cryptic palaces. and Lords with secret yesteryears. Horace Walpole Horace Walpole ( 1717-1797 ) wrote The Castle of Otranto. considered by some to be the first Gothic novel. every bit good as over 4. 000 published letters. Writers in the Victorian Period ( 1832-1901 ) wrote about the life conditions of the lower category. The Victorian Period was besides marked by sentimental novels. The modern play appeared toward the terminal of the Victorian Age. Writers of the Victorian Period of Literature ( 1832-1901 ) Alfred Lord Tennyson Tennyson ( 1809-1892 ) served as the poet laureate of Great Britain from 1850 to 1892. Some of his plants include Ulysses and The Charge of the Light Brigade. Robert Browning Browning ( 1812-1889 ) used dramatic soliloquy in his Hagiographas. Some of his plants include Pippa Passes. The Pied Piper of Hamelin. Bells and Pomegranates. and My Last Duchess. Anne Bronte Anne Bronte ( 1820-1849 ) was the youngest of the three Bronte sisters. Her novels include Agnes Grey and The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. Oscar Wilde Wilde ( 1854-1900 ) was an Irish writer who published merely one novel. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Wilde wrote many comedies. including A Woman of No Importance and The Importance of Being Earnest. Thomas Carlyle Carlyle ( 1795-1881 ) was a Scots historiographer and litterateur who criticized the laissez faire philosophy that allowed people to make as they pleased. His plants include Frederick the Great. George Bernard Shaw Shaw ( 1856-1950 ) was an Irish playwright and novelist and a member of the socialist Fabian Society. He wrote over 50 dramas including Pygmalion and won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Edward Lear Lear ( 1812-1888 ) was an English creative person and writer celebrated for his Limericks and children’s verse forms. Lear’s first publication was A Book of Nonsense. and his most celebrated children’s verse form was The Owl and the Pussycat. Charlotte Bronte Charlotte Bronte ( 1816 – 1855 ) was an English writer best known for her fresh Jane Eyre. With her sisters Emily and Anne. she published poesy written picturing their childhood phantasy universe. The verse forms were published under the male anonym of Currer. Ellis. and Acton Bell. Emily Bronte Emily Bronte ( 1818 – 1848 ) was one of the English Bronte sisters famous for their literary manner. Her lone novel was the Gothic Wuthering Heights. Charles Dickens Dickens ( 1812 – 1859 ) gained celebrity as a author of The Pickwick Papers. Many of his literary plants were based on his life experiences and societal conditions in England. His best known plants include A Tale of Two Cities and Great Expectations. Pre-raphaelite Poets The Pre-Raphaelite poets ( named for the Italian painter Raphael ) of the Victorian Age wanted to return the morality of the medieval epoch to the modern universe. Dante Rossetti Rossetti ( 1828-1882 ) was considered a taking poet and painter in England during the 1800s. His poesy contained imagination and illustrations of symbolism. and his pictures included romantic scenes. His literary plants included Sister Helen and The House of Life. William Morris Morris ( 1834-1896 ) was an English creative person. poet. and societal reformist whose work reflected an involvement in mediaeval art and Gothic architecture. His plants include The Life and Death of Jason. The Earthly Paradise. A Dream of John Ball. and News from Nowhere. Realism ( 1860 – 1914 ) Realist writers described life as it truly existed. Writers examined and exposed the societal. economic. and political jobs of society utilizing the idiom or linguistic communication of the people. Realists saw the corruptness of the Gilded Age and called for reform. They rejected Romanticism. which portrayed people in unrealistic state of affairss. Mark Twain. Bret Harte. and Henry James were authors of Realism. Transcendentalism ( 1800s ) . Transcendentalism was a spiritual and philosophical motion in the early to middle 1800s. Ralph Waldo Emerson ( 1803-1882 ) was the leader of the Transcendentalist motion in America. He believed that people could derive cognition through the usage of their mind instead than from the experiences of their lives. The Transcendentalists rejected formal spiritual instructions. Naturalism Naturalists represented the utmost component of the Realism motion of literature. They believed that household history and environment were the chief influences on the development of a person’s character and that people had no control over their destiny. Political. economic. societal. and heredity factors controlled the actions and destiny of the people. Naturalist authors exposed the maltreatments and agony of people in America. Upton Sinclair described in The Jungle. the predicament of the workers in the meat packing workss in Chicago. Stephen Crane wrote about the agonies of the soldiers during the Civil War in The Red Badge of Courage. Other Naturalist writers included Jack London. Theodore Dreiser. and Eugene O’Neill. Edwardian Period ( 1901-1910 ) This period of British Literature refers to the reign of Edward VII. the eldest boy of Queen Victoria and her hubby Albert. Edward was interested in the humanistic disciplines and founded the Royal College of Music. Writers of the Edwardian Period H. G. Wells Wells ( 1866-1946 ) was a novelist. historian. and well-known writer of scientific discipline fiction. His literary plants include The Time Machine. The War of the Worlds. and The Shape of Things to Come. His Wealth and Happiness of Mankind addressed the societal demands of people in general. Arnold Bennet Bennet ( 1867-1931 ) was an English journalist. novelist. and dramatist. The movie The Madness of King George was an version of one of his dramas. One of his most celebrated plants was A Private Function. Rupert Brook Brook ( 1887-1915 ) was an English poet whose Hagiographas described the lives of people who suffered through the horror of World War I. One of his most celebrated plants is The Soldier. John Masefield Masefield ( 1878-1967 ) was a novelist and poet laureate from England. His plant of poesy include The Everlasting Mercy. Dauber. and Reynard the Fox and the novels Sard Harker and The Bird of Dawning. Modernism ( 1914-1945 ) Modernism was a literary and cultural motion that did non back up the societal. political. or economic values of the 1800s. Part of the ground for the motion off from the 1800s was due to the enormous devastation and loss of life that occurred during World War I. The Modernist motion included art. doctrine. architecture. and literature in both Europe and America. Writers of the Modernism Period William B. Yeats Yeats ( 1865-1939 ) was an Irish dramatist. poet. and playwright who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1923. Some of his plants include the verse form The Lake Isle of Innisfree and the dramas The Countess Cathleen and The Land of Heart’s Desire. Seamus Heaney Heaney ( 1939- ) is an Irish poet whose work focuses on the political relations and civilization of Northern Ireland. Some of his plants include The Spirit Level and Wintering Out and North. Dylan Thomas Thomas ( 1914-1953 ) was a Welsh poet who focused on the subjects of faith. decease. and love. His plants include Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog and Adventures in the Skin Trade. Virginia Woolf Woolf ( 1882-1941 ) was an English novelist. Her literary plants focused on societal and economic independency for adult females. Her novels include Mrs. Dalloway. The Years. and Between the Acts. Wilfred Owen. Owen ( 1893-1918 ) was an English author who wrote about World War I. His poesy focuses on the subject that war is non a glorious venture. His plants include Anthem for Doomed Youth. T. S. Eliot Eliot ( 1888–1965 ) was an American Born English poet and dramatist and one of the taking authors of the Modernist period of literature. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1948. Some of his work includes The Hollow Men. Ash Wednesday. Four Fours. Murder in the Cathedral. and The Cocktail Party. David Herbert Lawrence Lawrence ( 1885–1930 ) was a novelist whose literary plants focused on how work forces and adult females relate to each other. His most celebrated work was Lady Chatterley’s Lover. His other plants include The Rainbow and The Studies in Authoritative American Literature. Siegfried Sassoon Sassoon ( 1886–1967 ) was a British poet and writer who wrote about the experiences of World War I. Sassoon’s literary plants include The Old Century and Rhymed Ruminations. Aldous Huxley Huxley ( 1894–1963 ) was an English poet and novelist. His novel Brave New World criticized how scientific discipline was destructing the ethical motives of English society. His other plants include Those Barren Leaves and Point Counter Point. Post-modernism Period ( 1945 to the nowadays ) Post-modernism includes some values and beliefs of the Modernism period. Its literature rejects traditional values of society and supports the anti-novel signifier. George Orwell Orwell’s ( 1903-1950 ) Hagiographas reflect his misgiving of authorities and political and societal political orientations. His plants include Nineteen Eighty-Four and the modern fable Animal Farm. Joseph Conrad Conrad ( 1857-1924 ) was a outstanding British novelist of the Post-modernist period. Some of his plants include Lord Jim and Under Western Eyes. Conrad was a established British citizen. holding been born in the Ukraine. James Joyce. Joyce ( 1882-1941 ) was an Irish author who used the stream of consciousness technique. Some of his plants include Ulysses and Finnegans Wake and the short narrative aggregation Dubliners. Katherine Mansfield Mansfield ( 1888-1923 ) was a author from New Zealand whose pen name was Kathleen Beauchamp. Her plants include The Garden Party. Bliss. and In a German Pension. Doris Lessing Lessing ( 1919- ) is an English novelist and writer whose plants focus on the function of adult females in political relations and society. Some of her plants include The Grass is Singing. Children of Violence. Under My Skin. and Walking in the Shade. Nadine Gordimer Gordimer ( 1923- ) is a South African novelist and short narrative author. She won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1991. Her literary plants include None to Attach to Me and The House Gun. Robert Graves Graves ( 1895-1985 ) was an English poet and author. His autobiography. Goodbye to All That. depict the horror of war. Graves’ other work include I Claudius and Claudius the God. Kingsley Amis Amis ( 1922–1995 ) was a novelist and poet from England. His literary plants include Lucky Jim. The Old Devils. The Riverside Villas Murder. The Green Man. and The Folks That Live on the Hill. Anthony Powell Powell ( 1905–2000 ) was an English novelist and dramatist. His dramas include The Garden God and The Rest I’ll Whistle. Powell’s novels include Afternoon Men. Venusberg. From a View to a Death. and Agents and Patients. Powell’s autobiography. To Keep the Ball. was written in four volumes from 1976 to 1982. Muriel Spark Spark ( 1918- ) is a Scots novelist whose literary plants include The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie. A Far Cry from Kensington. and Aiding and Abetting. A. S. Byatt Byatt ( 1936- ) is an English novelist. Her literary plants include Possession. The Shadow of the Sun. and Babel Tower. Martin Amis Amis ( 1949- ) is an English journalist and novelist. Some of his plants include The Rachel Papers. London Fields. Night Train. and Henry Water. The information in this lesson will be a valuable resource for you in the survey of different periods of literature. Remember that this lesson is merely an overview of some of the writers and literary plants produced in Great Britain during this clip period. There are many other writers that made of import parts to the literature of this clip period that were non discussed in this lesson.

Story hotel --- distribution channels Research Paper

Story hotel --- distribution channels - Research Paper Example For instance, through its website and other internet-based social networking sites, the hotel offers online booking services, reservations, customer care services, and coupon rewards. This enables it to connect with the clientele in real-time over the virtual space. Theorists of distribution channels agree that the essence of a reliable distribution channel lies in its capacity to spread information about the nature, value, and quality of products to the specific markets (Ranchhod & Gurau, 2007). In the hotel and hospitality industry, the goods and services may vary in range, complexity, value and quality. Similarly, the kind of targeted clientele often vary in line with the variables of geography, locality, gender, socioeconomic status, race, culture, and many other variables. At the same time, changes in time and lifestyles often affect the nature of preference and the demands of the market. The strategies adopted by Story Hotel are meant to make use of these aspects of business by utilizing the synergistic aspects of the positive forces while developing strategies to overcome the stifling influence of negative forces. Macroeconomic factors determine the manner in which a distribution channel impacts on the targeted clientele (Ranchhod & Gurau, 2007). ... Essentially, Story Hotel’s multiple distribution channels are designed to attract two broad categories of customers. These include leisure and business customers. The market reach of the distribution channels is flexible in the sense that it spurns from the local clientele to the international groups. One of the strengths of the distribution channel as controlled by Story Hotel is that it is able to attract and retain customers by regulating its distribution channels in a manner that portrays its competitive advantage on the market. This strategy makes it possible for the hotel to maintain and increase the volume of clientele locally and globally, besides breaking into new market segments previously controlled by competitors. The Hotel also relies on a system that enables it to break into unexplored market segments at the local and international arena. For instance, the regulation of prices has made the hotel a favourite choice of people from across the socioeconomic ladder. S tory Hotel markets itself as a favourite destination both for the domestic customers and those from across the space. Through the internet resources, the Hotel disseminates the right kind of information that would be of value to customers who want to make their travel budgets ahead of the journey. Some of the information relayed to customers includes issues of location. The internet distribution channels provide resourceful information, which would help the targeted clientele to make informed decisions as to matters of convenience. The strategic location of the hotel, according to the information supplied from the online sources, offers vantage opportunities for the customers to access other services and amenities around the city (Story

Is intelligent design science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is intelligent design science - Essay Example Scientists believe that the invention of Higgs boson may be useful in predicting the base particle of life. Human being is considered to be made of three things; body, mind and spirit though experimentally not proved. After death a person’s body will be destroyed; but what will happen to the mind and spirit? Even though science and technology has advanced a lot, still it was not able to decode the secrets of life. Even the science and technology do not know where our spirit lies or what type of forces is driving us. Earth is not a permanent place for us and hence what all we received from the earth need to be disposed here itself before going for another mission at another place. In other words the material things which were acquired from the earth will not help us in our future assignment. Science has so far failed in predicting the origin our spirit or soul. It doesn’t know from where it comes and where it goes. Intelligent design is a new branch of knowledge originated in America recently which says that certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, rather than a natural selection. â€Å"The idea that an organism’s complexity is evidence for the existence of a cosmic designer was advanced centuries before Charles Darwin was born.† (Milner & Maestro) Physicians explain various functions of body while psychologists concentrate on the activities of mind. But nobody knows much about the soul or spirit though everybody agrees that it is the spirit which drives us in this material world. After death what happens to the spirit? Only the religions studied about the features of spirit and they have their own explanations about the future of spirit on the basis of the good and evil committed during the life in earth. Religions believe that those who engaged in good activities during the stay on earth will get salvation after death while others will be punished by God. Intelligent design